By browsing our site you accept the installation and use cookies on your computer.
Know more
About cookies
What is a "cookie"?
A "cookie" is a piece of information, usually small and identified by a name, which may be sent to your browser by a website you are visiting. Your web browser will store it for a period of time, and send it back to the web server each time you log on again.
Different types of cookies are placed on the sites:
Cookies strictly necessary for the proper functioning of the site
Cookies deposited by third party sites to improve the interactivity of the site, to collect statistics
Cookies strictly necessary for the site to function
These cookies allow the main services of the site to function optimally. You can technically block them using your browser settings but your experience on the site may be degraded.
Furthermore, you have the possibility of opposing the use of audience measurement tracers strictly necessary for the functioning and current administration of the website in the cookie management window accessible via the link located in the footer of the site.
Technical cookies
Name of the cookie
Purpose
Shelf life
CAS and PHP session cookies
Login credentials, session security
Session
Tarteaucitron
Saving your cookie consent choices
12 months
Audience measurement cookies (AT Internet)
Name of the cookie
Purpose
Shelf life
atid
Trace the visitor's route in order to establish visit statistics.
13 months
atuserid
Store the anonymous ID of the visitor who starts the first time he visits the site
13 months
atidvisitor
Identify the numbers (unique identifiers of a site) seen by the visitor and store the visitor's identifiers.
13 months
About the AT Internet audience measurement tool :
AT Internet's audience measurement tool Analytics is deployed on this site in order to obtain information on visitors' navigation and to improve its use.
The French data protection authority (CNIL) has granted an exemption to AT Internet's Web Analytics cookie. This tool is thus exempt from the collection of the Internet user's consent with regard to the deposit of analytics cookies. However, you can refuse the deposit of these cookies via the cookie management panel.
Good to know:
The data collected are not cross-checked with other processing operations
The deposited cookie is only used to produce anonymous statistics
The cookie does not allow the user's navigation on other sites to be tracked.
Third party cookies to improve the interactivity of the site
This site relies on certain services provided by third parties which allow :
to offer interactive content;
improve usability and facilitate the sharing of content on social networks;
view videos and animated presentations directly on our website;
protect form entries from robots;
monitor the performance of the site.
These third parties will collect and use your browsing data for their own purposes.
How to accept or reject cookies
When you start browsing an eZpublish site, the appearance of the "cookies" banner allows you to accept or refuse all the cookies we use. This banner will be displayed as long as you have not made a choice, even if you are browsing on another page of the site.
You can change your choices at any time by clicking on the "Cookie Management" link.
The team focuses on improving our knowledge of plant/nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Rhizobium) by studying the role of the cellular redox state during the symbiotic interaction.
Background, Research topics and objectives
The growth of cultivated plants largely depends on the presence of a sufficient nitrogen quantity in soil. The massive use of nitrogen fertilizers in intensive farming is a considerable risk for the environment, leading to major pollution of the environment by nitrate and nitrite. Among plant-microbe interactions, the symbiosis between nitrogen-fixing rhizobia and legumes represent a major opportunity for the rational management of nitrogen inputs in agriculture and for the reduction of the soil pollution. During symbiosis, essential cellular functions of plant cell are manipulated by the symbiotic bacteria in order to allow its penetration. This leads to the formation of a new organ, the so-called nodule, capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen and thus allowing the plant to meet most of its nitrogen requirements. However, this symbiosis is very sensitive to environmental changes and its lifespan is limited: the developmental nodule senescence, a breakdown of the symbiotic association, appears before the plant senescence. Thus, one major characteristic of the relationship between both partners is a switching from a compatible to an incompatible interaction.The detailed understanding of mechanisms involved in the establishment and the maintaining of this benefic symbiotic relation is essential for the development of strategies to improve plant health and contribute to more environmentally-friendly agricultural practices.
Using the Medicago truncatula/Sinorhizobium meliloti interaction as symbiotic model, the research conducted in our team aims at studying the role of the cellular redox state in this interaction and deciphering mechanisms leading to the nodule senescence in both partners. Within this context, the roles of glutathion (GSH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitrogen monoxide (NO), three major molecules involved in the regulation of the cellular redox state, are analyzed. In parallel, the importance of plant cysteine protease and bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems is investigated during nodule senescence
Fig. 1 : Study of symbiotic Rhizobium-legume interaction
A. nodule meristem Medicago truncatula. B. fixing nodule mature. C. senescent nodule (zone IV called senescence zone). D. Study of the expression of catalases of S. meliloti by the promoter-reporter gene fusions in the functional nodule.
The team has long-standing experience of the nitrogen fixation process and of the involvement of reactive oxygen species in it. However, very few data exist and few studies have been devoted to the importance of the cellular redox state in symbiotic legume/bacteria interactions. Moreover, nodule senescence (aging) is a mechanism that has received little attention and is therefore not yet well understood.
Current priorities
What is the role of the molecules involved in the regulation of the cellular redox state (H2O2, NO, GSH) in nodule establishment, function and senescence? More specifically: What is the role of H2O2 in the establishment and function of symbiosis (molecular target, origin and dynamics of H2O2 production, etc.)? What are the mechanisms regulated by GSH and NO in the formation and maintenance of nodules? What is the contribution of the bacteroid to nodule senescence?
Fig. 2 : Study of symbiotic Rhizobium-legume interaction E. Visualization of Bacteroids by electron microscopy during salt stress. F. Study of the expression of ferritin in a salt stress by in situ hybridization. G. Characterization of gene expression and synthesis of glutathione homoglutathion by northern blot.
Application
To reduce the quantity of nitrogen fertiliser used on crops by improving the natural fixation of atmospheric nitrogen produced through symbiosis.
Scientific partnerships and financing
Bekki A.Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Rhizobiums et Amélioration des Plantes, Département de Biotechnologie, Université d’Oran Es Senia, Oran, Algeria.
Rouhier N. etJacquot J.-P.UMR INRA UHP 1136, Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, IFR 110 EFABA, Université de Lorraine, Faculté des Sciences, BP 70239, 54506 Vandoeuvre cedex, France.
Mergaert P.Institut des Sciences du Végétal, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Frugier F. and Gruber V.Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Bruand C. et Meilhoc E.Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), INRA, UMR441, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge–Auzeville, CS 52627, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
Bonfante P. et Lanfronco L.Université de Turin. Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi Turin, Italie.
Delledonne M.Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Universita' degliStudi di Verona, Italie.
Dusha I.Institute of Genetics. Laboratory of Medicago Genetics. Biological Research Centre. Hungarian Academy of Sciences.6726 Szeged, Temesvárikrt. 62.
Smiti S., Unité de Recherche en Ecologie végétale, Université El Manar de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisie.
Gojon A., Sentenac H., UMR Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes CNRS/INRA/SupAgro /UM2, Montpellier, France.
Rolin D., UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Université de Bordeaux I et Bordeaux II, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
Ghoulam C,Université de Marrakech. Equipe de Biotechnologie Végétale et Agro-physiologie des Symbioses, Marrakech, Maroc.
Major results
Development of new cellular tools to analyze the symbiotic nitrogen fixing interaction in vivo.
In order to better understand the nitrogen fixing symbiosis, we have developed new cellular tools. In this context, multiple probes analyzed using confocal microscope imaging were developed and used in nitrogen fixing nodules. PBS pH was measured in vitro during the whole symbiotic process using ratiometric fluorescent probe. This analysis showed that nitrogen fixing zone maturation goes with the acidification of the peribacteroid space in the nitrogen-fixing organite, the symbiosome (Pierre et al., 2013). The viability of bacteroids was analyzed during their differentiation and throughout the symbiotic interaction in vivousing nodule sections with the Live/Dead® BacLightTM probe. Finally, the in vivo quantification of H2O2 was measured in nodule using a protein probe HyPer. This analysis correlates the production of H2O2 with the regulation of MtSpk1, an H2O2 regulated gene (Andrio et al., 2013).
Identification and characterization of H2O2 and NO-regulated genes in the rhizobial symbiosis.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly H2O2, and nitric oxide (NO) play an important role in signalling in various cellular processes. The involvement of these molecules in the Medicago truncatula-Sinorhizobium meliloti symbiotic interaction raises questions about their effect on gene expression. Transcriptomic analyses were performed on inoculated roots of M. truncatula to identify genes regulated by these two molecules. Numerous genes were found to be differential regulated in H2O2 and NO-depleted roots during the symbiotic interaction. Characterisation of candidate genes such as MtSpk1, a putative protein kinase, showed their involvement in the signal transduction pathway involved in the symbiotic interaction (Andrio et al., 2013 ; Boscari et al. 2013).
See also
Teaching at UNS (Nice Sophia Antipolis)
Boncompagni E. MCU since 2000. Responsible modules Organization Living Plants (LSV2, OVAV plant part) and the Response of Plants to the Environment (LSV3). Lessons at USTH Master (Science and Technology Hanoi University, Vietnam) .
Dupont L. MCU since 1996. Responsible for EU General Microbiology ( LSV2 ) , adaptive and infectious Microbiology ( Master), Microbial Biotechnology (UPR) . Elected Member at HRPC Life Sciences (November 2012) as a representative CNU66 College B1.
Frendo P. Professeur since October 2012. Responsible Genetics EU functional in master. Co- responsible for the course ' Biology and Environmental Health ' master ' Life Sciences - Health' (since 2012). Member elected to the Standing Committee on Human Resources ( HRDC ) in the disciplinary field Molecular Physiology, Cellular and Integrative Plant ' (since 2013).
Garcia I. MCU since 2001. Responsible for the EU " Issues of the plant world" LSV1 , EU " Biochemistry Enzymology and Metabolism carbon " in LSV2 and EU " Plant Breeding and Biotechnology " Master .
Mandon K. MCU since 1997 since September 2012 . Coordinator Diploma Bachelor's Degree in Life Sciences from the University of Nice- Sophia Antipolis (750 students). Since September 2012: Coordinator of the course " Molecular Biology and Genetics A- Pet ; B- Plant " 3rd year of License SVS (30 students) since September 2006 . Responsible for Plant Physiology Teaching team .
Pauly N. MCU since 2003. Responsible modules Developmental Biology plant ' (L3) , ' Environmental Plant Physiology "(UPR) , ' Plant Breeding and Genetics ' (Master) ' Genetics and Molecular basis of plant productivity ' (USTH) . Responsible ' international relations ' for the Department of Biology (since 2011). Co- responsible for the course 'Genetics , Immunity Development ' master ' Life Sciences - Health' (since 2012). Member elected to the Standing Committee on Human Resources (HRDC) in the disciplinary field Molecular Physiology, Cellular and Integrative Plant ' (since 2013).
Hérouart D. PR since 2000, reduced to 64h Service since October 2012. Vice President of UNS since 2012.
Modification date: 19 February 2024 | Publication date: 15 December 2011 | By: Eric_Boncompagni
Subscribe to news
Subscribe to the website news in order to get latest information notifications.